Prime and Composite Numbers micro-lesson

Chris Lindsey

Maths

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What's the difference between prime and composite numbers? Here is a list of the first five prime numbers, 2, 3, 5, 7 and 11. Each of them only has two factors, one and itself. The number 2 is the only even prime number. Composite numbers are numbers that have more than two factors, for example, 4 has the factors of 1, 2 and 4. Eight’s factors are 1, 2, 4 and 8. 15 has these factors – 1, 3, 5, 15. 16 has these factors – 1, 2 4, 8 and 16. 4, 9 and 33 are all composite numbers because they all have more than two factors. So, the difference between prime and composite numbers is that prime numbers have only two factors. Composite numbers have three or more factors.

Answer time

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A prime number has _____ factors.

1) 2

2) 1

3) 3

4) 4
Which is not prime?

1) 2

2) 3

3) 4

4) 5
Which of these is not composite?

1) 2

2) 4

3) 6

4) 8
Which is the only even number that is prime?

1) 2

2) 4

3) 6

4) 8
Which of these numbers is a prime number?

1) 7

2) 4

3) 21

4) 15
Which of these is prime?

1) 2

2) 12

3) 22

4) 32
Which number is composite?

1) 39

2) 13

3) 29

4) 43
Which of these numbers is composite?

1) 15

2) 13

3) 11

4) 19
Which of these is composite?

1) 33

2) 17

3) 97

4) 61
Which of these is prime?

1) 37

2) 27

3) 57

4) 77
What is the prime number between 20 and 28?

1) 23

2) 27

3) 25

4) 29
Which number is prime?

1) 31

2) 33

3) 35

4) 39
What is the prime number between 32 and 40?

1) 37

2) 33

3) 35

4) 39
Which of these numbers is composite?

1) 75

2) 73

3) 37

4) 57
Which number is prime?

1) 67

2) 76

3) 58

4) 85
How many factors must a composite number have?

1) at least 3

2) only 2

3) only 1

4) none
What do all prime numbers have in common?

1) They all have only 2 factors.

2) They are all odd.

3) They all end in 0.

4) They are all even.
Is 33 a prime number?

1) No, because it has 3 or more factors.

2) Yes, because it is odd.

3) Yes, because it only has 2 factors.

4) No, because it only has 2 factors.
Is 19 a prime number?

1) Yes

2) No
If a 2-digit number ends in a 0, can it be prime?

1) No

2) Yes
Are all odd numbers prime?

1) No

2) Yes
Is 1,456 prime?

1) No

2) Yes
A teacher has 29 students. Is it possible for her to separate the students into equal groups?

1) No

2) Yes
There are 43 students trying out for basketball. Can the coach divide them into equal groups?

1) No

2) Yes
Is 1,290 prime?

1) No

2) Yes

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Chris Lindsey

Elementary Teacher in South Carolina, USA. I have been teaching 4th and 5th grades for the past 11 years. My passion is teaching Math, but my love is reading aloud to children.

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